Young people’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviours

Key findings

Young people know more about physical, sexual and online abuse than other forms of child abuse and neglect

Young people reported that they had enough knowledge about physical abuse, sexual abuse and online abuse. But they were less knowledgeable about emotional abuse, domestic abuse, neglect and how to spot the signs of an abusive relationship.

Young people sometimes think they are to blame for child abuse

Although young people are never to blame for child abuse, the research indicated that young people sometimes felt a sense of responsibility for some forms of child abuse and neglect. This can lead to victim blaming and shame, which may act as a barrier to sharing concerns.

Young people’s responses to child abuse varied depending on the context and type of abuse

Young people were more likely to share a concern about sexual abuse than one related to other forms of child abuse or neglect. Children also reported being more likely to seek help when there is a risk of physical harm than when there is a risk of emotional harm.

Young people face challenges when seeking help about abuse and related topics

Young people are most likely to share concerns with a parent or carer, another adult family member, or a friend. However, some young people may not seek help and support about child abuse as they have worries about not being believed, not having enough proof about what happened and are afraid of what might happen after sharing concerns.

Recommendations

Using a common language

Adults should consider how they describe and define child abuse when talking to young people and should work to develop an agreed common language with them.

Working to understand beliefs around abuse and prevention

Young people’s personal beliefs and social norms may influence how they view potentially harmful situations and respond to abuse. Adults and professionals need to understand what underpins these beliefs and social norms as this is important for creating sustainable shifts in society.

Supporting parents and carers, family, and friends

Parents and carers, other family members and friends should be supported to make sure they have the skills and confidence to respond appropriately when young people share concerns.